- 计算机图形学编程(使用OpenGL和C++)
- (美)V.斯科特·戈登 约翰·克莱维吉
- 672字
- 2020-08-27 08:06:59
关于异步社区和异步图书
“异步社区”是人民邮电出版社旗下IT专业图书社区,致力于出版精品IT技术图书和相关学习产品,为作译者提供优质出版服务。异步社区创办于2015年8月,提供大量精品IT技术图书和电子书,以及高品质技术文章和视频课程。更多详情请访问异步社区官网https://www.epubit.com。
“异步图书”是由异步社区编辑团队策划出版的精品IT专业图书的品牌,依托于人民邮电出版社近30年的计算机图书出版积累和专业编辑团队,相关图书在封面上印有异步图书的LOGO。异步图书的出版领域包括软件开发、大数据、AI、测试、前端、网络技术等。
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/3.jpg?sign=1739513473-FXvsPGPdVnRB1sPLm9qqj3iLH9gOqdJ3-0-8570e8f9502ee488316cdd3b1527cbb1)
异步社区
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/4.jpg?sign=1739513473-MI4jWVc691NWBeqiDAldgd1lnNkAwMjl-0-ed05646d0bdb21e741662324c9fcf2a5)
微信服务号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/5.jpg?sign=1739513473-VfLdZInMgC29aIKxcd7fBJxufGl802Bt-0-88063d05016e14d08b7f6c18efb67c4f)
图2.5 改变glPointSize
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/6.jpg?sign=1739513473-0FL3vihtUo4x2Bmkf1jqWGEuMufiM8ch-0-5456374b68f1e042f4e16826856609d1)
图2.9 光栅化(步骤1)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/7.jpg?sign=1739513473-ATyt91lph66xJnLTSYh9LjTtG6ao0WFD-0-99a3aba6d24df5eade20f559ad563bfa)
图2.13 片段着色器颜色变化
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/8.jpg?sign=1739513473-gX42HW5plYJkVDzUlYB1TD9C8RDaM56o-0-11aad454d90960c9c9d4fc40d8ad78f8)
图4.3 程序4.1的输出。从(0,0,8)看位于(0,-2,0)的红色立方体
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/9.jpg?sign=1739513473-t6PfmSkxoA6bLbVO3hkEGfXUbsOgLVdK-0-6d48025640f7665bba213261c0b07935)
图4.6 有插值颜色的立方体
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/10.jpg?sign=1739513473-hb1lMCGmLyicKpdnkGwtRYjPG3qhACsx-0-9c1312eb78e6cc0e481acd9fc349f67f)
图4.15 Z冲突示例
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/11.jpg?sign=1739513473-YwkbF5YioN7euqlrNkwklF1HsUlPAMpl-0-b2ff15049a31dad0f4c78547dbcacfaf)
图5.9 不充分采样造成的叠影
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/12.jpg?sign=1739513473-6ZoyNabLPwGSZHt5ACj7K2X3GVUql3qI-0-5c076ce26ecbbb4179398b48b20bc288)
图5.13 为图片生成多级渐远纹理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/13.jpg?sign=1739513473-iJMVDRxkFMFU1PIKJoM0iHT1EbhAANRQ-0-2ec61760a5ef31832cf6cbb2c687f671)
图5.18 使用不同环绕选项的金字塔材质贴图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/14.jpg?sign=1739513473-llBleke3oHhZFaQCqfO482kHm4SwCDfg-0-a284087ce5450f626971803b32c62a29)
图6.3 将顶点组合成三角形
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15.jpg?sign=1739513473-a5NsSlggQxVBh44XxHTDVhxU27JYXJpE-0-4ae4f857235584d5f7983f812cc0318e)
图6.6 第i个切片中的第j个顶点的索引序号(n =每个切片的顶点数)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16.jpg?sign=1739513473-RRl7vQx2DB9yrd0oEIkaTaBmOh9ElzMZ-0-6ca051322bbdb17f218186af1ecf415b)
图7.1 ADS光照分量
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17.jpg?sign=1739513473-fMZqmZsRlkh82brkqQBPDrDdAmwXOsB9-0-5196184c489e0d34d1c1f15ab37b090d)
图7.16 Phong着色的外部模型
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18.jpg?sign=1739513473-SbY63YxkVsmcLJt5agZR4me37NUlPCrT-0-d7866f621a920330c7e372d2979be75c)
图7.17 结合光照与纹理
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19.jpg?sign=1739513473-e5kbLQJtBDFhrNqcpuTtCeyhQaR7zj0J-0-48d273544e940e66d0f35db072972403)
图8.10 第1轮:场景(左)和从光源视角渲染的场景(右)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20.jpg?sign=1739513473-wuXTBbm7qhr8Y5pCpPdJDpuQibbCLxga-0-bfdf42b5370023859afa0b95aedca584)
图8.19 单像素PCF采样
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21.jpg?sign=1739513473-BA8f89pmXvxR7BoBLE6YeFfQlskk6Kh3-0-e9feddedb3385a475c0806bcbdb454dc)
图8.22 抖动的4像素PCF采样示例
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22.jpg?sign=1739513473-AGbt7V3KtekVI80qRrVtmDjO9MXHNi3N-0-3e6c7389f78880da44ed4e9d404c48d0)
图8.23 抖动的4像素PCF采样(4种偏移模式)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23.jpg?sign=1739513473-gXczurRjhiqEvrkYdsOEceJiN5YiY00C-0-97afdcf0028fe496e31a559a178e31eb)
图9.10 用于创建反射环面的环境贴图示例
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24.jpg?sign=1739513473-9Lc62o5D1T6NkU0kUKIohwgb357ljcs1-0-c196c81a0fad33909e3081ca7e7d58ba)
图10.14 地形,在顶点着色器中进行高度贴图
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25.jpg?sign=1739513473-UCF8K8yfCqpS8o418gwq81JXYDPqmAHp-0-be45534ac7c5e697eb57db3002e77395)
图11.6 细分三次贝塞尔曲线
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26.jpg?sign=1739513473-lSjxo3nFoDL23BFzZEUbSAxyaqpO1E2B-0-35cdc15ff05d0a6ebcca77abebc27002)
图11.9 二次贝塞尔控制网格和相应的表面
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/27.jpg?sign=1739513473-tukkLWQG6Fpl4JdoAutRvN87tAE4qBjB-0-b465b840fd74ff4355eb02614b679548)
图11.10 三次贝塞尔控制网格和相应的曲面
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/28.jpg?sign=1739513473-Uw49t2LDSHnHv0XrumMLDAkN25R8zuvA-0-7702bd9679a9994950a38255c51f5e7b)
图12.1 Tessellator三角形网格输出
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/29.jpg?sign=1739513473-RM1WLI7MooZ5Id651MDP0PMxppKRtJ04-0-da4ae538c39ee49abdf7a99dfc855e3a)
图14.1 雾:基于距离的混合
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30.jpg?sign=1739513473-vxoYH6HHvOlAs16oYlhAzw36oZBzLcZz-0-28ec5afe08e7bd23c1c45fa611fc72cb)
图14.2 雾的例子
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31.jpg?sign=1739513473-JDghot1feNkI3Ab6XiJrG6ZDEMFnMIdU-0-e1408c79dfc35f036c5ef7f5011a997e)
图14.8 条纹3D纹理图案
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32.jpg?sign=1739513473-mNSJUyQCo8RRR6tQOwYwjrvDOO6aPB9h-0-3df8ac0373ba6ebd974af4c1d1675995)
图14.9 3D条纹纹理的龙对象
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/33.jpg?sign=1739513473-HlpGG89aBvu8DoOF5IV0iAMzmhp6vSxO-0-1450666a7e807a4a0035f30653aa7b47)
图14.17 3D噪声图纹理的龙——3个大理石和1个玉质
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34.jpg?sign=1739513473-Mi3O9sSjHxdmrRMM1UJclLKEr0sV5gxc-0-043ab680701398f993310db41647be50)
图14.18 为3D木材纹理创建年轮
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35.jpg?sign=1739513473-x30K4csMGubKKcVIwLz74jblhk9pstjS-0-02aca0d48e8e6ec5fa6a67d051e04d73)
图14.21 云雾缭绕纹理的天幕
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/1DCD2B/16998942605673106/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/36.jpg?sign=1739513473-IqcdmwFnPaYHciC5nvheskLG3sRSYnmL-0-e33e305923625bcd3b38b51c8922e20b)
图14.22 指数云纹理的天幕