四、练习答案

Text I

Text comprehension

I. Decide which of the following best states the author’s purpose of writing.

C. 作者写这篇文章的目的是为了阐述他祖父跟他说的“永远不要说再见”这句话的真正含义。

II. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false.

1．T 参见第一段到第三段。

2．T. 从grandpa所述事及grandson离开老房子时的心情可得。

3．T 参见第四段中第三句It seems too final, too cold, for friends to use.

4．F （It does not agree with the implied meaning of paragraph 9.）

5．F （It does not conform to the description in paragraph 10. The fact was that grandfather had planted the roses before the author’s mother was born.）

III. Answer the following questions.

1．The mere thought of his son’s death in that terrible war in Italy made him cry. （para.12）

2．Three months. （para. 12）

3．They mean “never give in to sadness” or “refuse to give in to sadness”. （para. 13-20）

4．He asked the author to always remember the joy and happiness of the times when he first say hello to his friends. （para. 13）

5．Grandpa’s grave illness led to the author to the old house. （para. 14-15）

6．Grandpa smiled because he must have felt greatly relieved that the author had finally found the essence of his words. （last paragraph）

IV. Explain in your own words the following sentence taken from the text.

1．Our big old house was closely related with the joys and sorrows of four generations.

2．I planted these roses a long, long time ago before your mother was even expected to born.

3．Many sons left home to fight against the Fascist Nazi.

4．Take the first friendly greeting and always keep it deep in your mind.

Structural Analysis of the Text

In the second part （paragraph 5-13）, the author’s grandfather narrated his sad experience of the loss of his eldest son during the war to illustrate how one can overcome the sadness resulting from the loss of beloved ones by recalling not the moment of parting but the happy time spent together.

In the third part （paragraph 14-20）, by the way he behaved when confronted with another sad moment—the loss of his grandpa, the author shows us that he came to understand what his grandpa taught him.

Vocabulary

I. Explain the underlined part in each sentence in your own words.

1．suddenly found myself faced with

2．share the same characteristics

3．there is always light and warmth

4．let yourself be overcome by

5．keep it deep in your mind

II. Fill in the blank in each sentence with a word or phrase taken from the box in its appropriate forms.

III. Choose a word or phrase that best complete each of the following sentences.

1．D  句意：她丈夫死后，她遭受巨大的精神痛苦，最后疯掉了。anguish极度痛苦，苦恼；anger 怒，愤怒，恼火；discomfort不适，不便之处；unhappiness不快，忧愁。

2．B  句意：他送给我一些味道特别的礼物。peculiar奇特的，罕见的，特别的；special特殊的，专门的；particular:“特殊的，特定的”，是相对一般而言的，强调与众不同。special指的是人或物所具有的可以明辨的独有的特性，强调独有性。这时，不可与其它的词混淆。特别是指为了某一专门的目的进行的某一动作或设立的物品。其相应的副词形式用法上也相同。如:a special hospital:专科医院。especial常指有意识地将某物或某事突出到“特别，与众不同”的地位，多用于正式场合，在口语中，常被special替代。如a day of especial/special importance非常重要的一天。

3．B  句意：修建计划好的地铁的花费可能超出政府的承受。spend的主语必须是“人”，宾语可以是钱，精力，时间等，其后用on（for）＋名词或用in（可省略）＋动名词形式，不接不定式。cost可用于表示花时间和金钱，其主语一般是“物”或“事”，表示“费用”、“耗费”。 take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语“it”或物。Waste浪费，消耗，使荒芜。

4．B  句意：意识到巨大的国际压力，总统温文地走下台来。gracefully优美地，优雅得体地；conspicuously显著地，超群地；lonely孤独地，寂寞地；truly真实地。

5．A  句意：观众们又是吹口哨，又是喊叫，等她唱最后一首歌。last上一个，最后的；final最终的，强调绝对性；例如：last season最后一个季节（强调词序），final round结局，决赛（强调最终性，决定性）；ending名词，指故事，小说，电影，戏剧等的结尾；concluding总结性的，a concluding speech总结性的发言。

6．D  句意：战争期间，女人们无人疼爱，身心疲惫，贫穷而孤独。lonely孤独的，注重表达内心上的一种感受，是主观的；alone单独的，注重周围环境，是客观的；hoarse声音嘶哑的；grave严重的，颜色暗淡的。

7．B  句意：他被关进监狱，但他从不屈服，继续在牢房里作斗争。give in投降，屈服；give up放弃（念头，希望等）；stop阻塞，塞住，停止；retreat撤退，退却。

8．C  句意：他的高中成绩单记录表明，他在理科方面非常优秀。note记录；believe相信，信仰；notice注意，注意到；decide决定，判决。

IV. Fill in each blank with one of the two words from each pair in their appropriate forms and note the difference of meaning between them.

1．shudder和shake都含有“摇动，颤动”的意思。Shake是最普遍用词，含义广，指“人或物不自主地颤动，摇摆”，常侧重强调动作的剧烈和无规律，可用作及物动词或不及物动词。Shudder着重指“由于恐惧，震惊等而引起的全身突然而强烈的战栗”，常用作不及物动词。

2．answer和reply均可用作名词也可作动词，两者用作名词时，answer可指“对所提问题的口头，书面或行动的回答”，reply是较正式用词，侧重表示“经过考虑的较正式答复”。两者作动词时，既可及物也可不及物；而reply作不及物动词时，常与to连用。

3．common侧重“普通”之意，表示“时时发生，人所共有”，并含有“并不高贵，地位低下”之意味，其反义词为rare。general侧重“普遍”之意，表示“在大多数人或事物中流行并受到关注”，不含有“地位低下”之意，其反义词为specific。

4．两者均有小的意思。tiny的含义是“极小的”，有时也用来修饰事物的微笑模型或图像。small一般表示“物理量值方面的小（容量，面积，数量，体积的小）”，也可指“在价值方面的小”。Small一般是表述无生命的物体，例如the small tress；tiny是说一个东西非常非常小，有生命的物体和无生命的物体都可以使用，但通常不用在名词前面修饰，例如不能说it is a kind of tiny cell。

V. Give a synonym or an antonym of the word underlined in each sentence in the sense it is used.

VI. Fill in the blank in each sentence with an appropriate form of the given capitalized word in brackets.

Grammar

I. Complete the following sentences using the simple past, past progressive or past perfect.

1．were bathing; were looking; were playing

2．was sitting; was reading

3．was leaving; had been; arrived; learnt; had left; found; was using

4．were playing; heard; hid; took

5．was cycling; stepped; was going; managed; didn’t hit

6．gave; thanked; said; had enjoyed; knew; had not read; were

7．had played; reached; entered

8．was running; stroke

II. Complete the following passage with the proper form of the verbs given.

left; spent; had travelled; appeared; was; crossed; could

arrived; slept; stopped; came; got; was; had not arrived; was

III. Correct the errors, where found, in the following sentences.

1．talked改为was talking

2．was改为turned out to be

3．had remembered改为remembered

4．was改为had been

5．surprise改为surprising

6．emigrated改为immigrated

7．appeared改为had appeared

8．was spending改为spent

IV. Fill in the blanks with the proper form of the verb in the brackets.

V. Rewrite the following sentences according to the example.

1．Poor as he was, he was honest.

2．Terrible as the storm was, we continued our journey.

3．Hard as he tried, he was unable to make much progress.

4．Tired as I was, I went on working.

5．Much as I would like to help you, I am afraid I am simply too busy at the moment.

6．Much as I admired him as a writer, I do not like him as a man.

7．Strong as he was, Tom couldn’t lift it.

8．Bravely as they fought, they had no chance of winning.

VI. Make sentences of your own after the sentence given below, using -ing clauses to indicate attending circumstances.

Having found key, he jumped happily.

Nodding, the teacher looked at her students with smile.

The dog entered into the room, following his master.

Translation

I. Translate the following sentences into Chinese.

1．十岁那年，我突然面临着搬家的痛苦，而这个家是我记事以来唯一的家。

2．我们说再见的方式似乎有很多，但它们都有一个共同点，那就是悲伤。”

3．一天，一场可怕的战争爆发了。我的儿子和其他许多家庭的儿子一样，离开家去打一场恶战。

4．我从内心深处感受到了那种特殊的情感，筑建着我们的友谊。

II. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases given in brackets.

1．He has prepared answers to questions that he expected to confront during the interview.

2．His miserable sufferings touched us so deeply that we almost cried out.

3．They walked hand in hand along the river bank, chatting, laughing and looking happy.

4．When he heard the exciting news, tears of joy welled up in his eyes.

5．People in Shanghai can understand Suzhou dialect easily, because Shanghai dialect and Suzhou dialect have much in common.

6．Henry and his wife are looking into the possibility to buy a new house within three years.

7．He finally gave in to his daughter’s repeated request to further her study abroad.

8．We locked away all our valuables before we went on holiday.

9．Although we have parted from each other, I hoped that we could remain good friend and that we could care for and help each other just as we did before.

10．At the critical moment, the army commander summoned all the officers to a meeting to work out new strategies and tactics which could make it possible to conquer the enemy.

Exercises for integrated skills

I. Dictation.

Throughout history / the basic unite of almost every human society / has been the family. / The members of the family live together / under the same roof. / They share the economic burdens of life / as well as its affectional joys. / The family head usually had considerable influence / over arranging marriages, / selecting careers / and determining all important moves and purchases / by any member of the family. / Particularly in conditions / where society or the state / does not give aid / and where consequently / the responsibilities of the family are greater, / this large group / provide better protection / in times of economic or other emergency. /

II. Fill in each blank in the passage below with ONE word you think appropriate.

Writing

Rewrite the following sentence fragments to make complete sentences.

Listening

Transcript:

Gifts and Cultures

Key to listening exercises:

A. Pre-listening activity.

B. Listen to the narrator. What gifts do people give on the following occasions? And why?

1．A key-shaped birthday cake.

It means the girl is an adult and can come home at any time.

2．A cow.

It can bring good luck to the newlywed.

3．Sticky rice candy.

It expresses the hope that the boy will “stick to” the university.

C. Listening to the conversation. Which item is not a good gift? Cross it out. And then explain why it is not a good gift.

1．A: Because a handkerchief is a symbol of saying goodbye.

2．A: Because a tie is too personal.

3．B: Because roses mean love and romance.

4．A: Because even numbers such as 2, 4, 6…are unlucky.

5．B: Because the Japanese word for “four” sounds like the word for “death”.

Text II

Questions for Discussion

1．They disagreed on the topic whether women were still easy to be scared.

2．A strange expression came over the face of the hostess: she was staring straight ahead and her facial muscles contracted slightly.

3．It means bait for snake.

4．He realized that there must be a cobra in the room.

5．Instead of jumping away from the dining table and giving the others a warning, he began to speak to them quickly with an arresting voice.

6．He said, “I want to know just what control everyone at this table has. I will count three hundred—that’s five minutes—and not one of you is to move a muscle. Those who move will forfeit 50 rupees.”

7．Because the hostess, with the help of the American, had just escaped the danger of a possible attack by a cobra.

8．Both of them, a man and a woman, demonstrated the marvelous quality of self-control.