第1篇 电气工程图基础知识
第1章 常用电气图形符号和文字符号
1.1 常用电气图形符号
1.1.1 常用符号要素、限定符号和其他常用图形符号
(1)轮廓和外壳(见表1-1)
表1-1 轮廓和外壳
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-7kF6Q0AulE6UX3vJUrtahHWbpeiecfWl-0-ff450552f272c9a7b470187f98a21d5f)
(2)电流和电压的种类(见表1-2)
表1-2 电流和电压的种类
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/15_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-qaSTL3KLZKwfdn5SBYtg1JNsQkra5Mea-0-3201ce0328d85d3315c8469cb786aff1)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-Kg85stL544XVVA1prTOp3rbe7lXJMp9d-0-1fe57f999ddce165b511a7accc8745e7)
(3)接地、接机壳和等电位(见表1-3)
表1-3 接地、接机壳和等电位
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-BH93UTOevWn9kQYD8rm3rFyWeEOOB7UH-0-1e97a669d12bd9df8fefc9e98d410309)
(4)理想电路元件(见表1-4)
表1-4 理想电路元件
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/16_03.jpg?sign=1739523890-GAPzVtLkoi7sfsJVuo7lCI6tVRRXWqeT-0-0e094e54169673bf7dcecfa1c0666aab)
(5)其他常用符号(见表1-5)
表1-5 其他常用符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-wgXjNuzIf4vfSB25IwCmtq3CyRCdwLTI-0-3182504280f10598481a60f2612a554e)
1.1.2 常用导线及连接器件图形符号
常用导线及连接器件图形符号见表1-6。
表1-6 常用导线及连接器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/17_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-FkVLSiHKsBcfdpWbS3GusN6zIR7j8OPD-0-59876c59cf6649dd077c4ea5e5769d4f)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-bjzBFESi5CuolDrAjRxCgGIWZtmukWGR-0-a83f3ecd9ccb7c051d2d5d9202295a09)
1.1.3 常用电阻器、电容器和电感器图形符号
(1)常用电阻器图形符号(见表1-7)
表1-7 常用电阻器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/18_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-26quUq0jyoSBx97NY94zrqOtITwi7P8T-0-cef327346ada9076e109e671afd3bbb3)
(2)常用电容器图形符号(见表1-8)
表1-8 常用电容器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-8nXLHpBtjZ2haGFbsyObTtNzExifDGoI-0-19b6854926e71003de7ec60304873c62)
(3)常用电感器图形符号(见表1-9)
表1-9 常用电感器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/19_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-FC8ShrTRXN4vvULr95gsJh2BsL95181K-0-f509263322c9b70ad28e772bdc2ed206)
1.1.4 常用变压器图形符号
常用变压器图形符号见表1-10。
表1-10 常用变压器图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/20_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-yEHGwwVN85cUguw4Ps1CxhHuGwMbcmVQ-0-13a90032792054b92c9248d82ccf25e9)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/21_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-vLfAj2w8oStMg2qkIWJNNoInVYgvqqeS-0-21daca3fd9487abe36353dc1726ed0c1)
1.1.5 常用电机图形符号
常用电机图形符号见表1-11。
表1-11 常用电机图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/22_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-Iprjpae6z0Wn7zsVxFzqk0qZ3qEgygpa-0-3c4969313644ce23f7bb8709de970647)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-Y42gbbqfQvaxfN8KhSPv09Fpb2izZRce-0-9202e48f5bfb966271b6893ced5b6a09)
1.1.6 常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号
常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号见表1-12。
表1-12 常用开关、控制和保护装置图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/23_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-wS4fgVqZs85IZV4JbusvsJ3Zb4JyUjHa-0-e8d8ce1179aa1a87a7205070806dbd9d)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/24_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-pIT5ovnlHb3mJBKG5BXSV6MF6Gh8LGzO-0-5c08403d60006bcc3c71ed1c27cec813)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/25_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-RLbYiPPagIf3Mtwpzo0lOIqvBsHXsqOl-0-b56e3bc32b050404ed30deef9a1aaf3c)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/26_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-meRptmZj5eNjrAebgUSF0gDxO77AenPk-0-4b80a4a056cbc9d4d74d9e586d8b0e4e)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/27_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-PF8pGyCea5B1yNRIzcPv8ZcL9ZUGg3J7-0-f575e0896b0415cda26085920c31b049)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/28_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-2aiqVnIMJAm7OpmgMZue9dvx9CtHUqvR-0-11c3295d96cf9bedb1cd54e0e3e5e328)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/29_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-Q8WsGHbxO5keLYSJ3C2Cek8Plzk88lw1-0-e7b2ca49c0397956263d952bfd671821)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-lxo5DTwyaRKsOEYD6pxUcn9uy7WBt4n5-0-29fc1ae479a4bfda65e35c22c15491d6)
1.1.7 常用半导体器件图形符号
(1)二极管图形符号(见表1-13)
表1-13 常用二极管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-HnRMMeDgvoyWlZkofDrRDxCDr3vlD4VM-0-8c96a2a18294ee75ded6ccd29c0eaf8d)
(2)晶闸管图形符号(见表1-14)
表1-14 晶闸管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/30_03.jpg?sign=1739523890-OHVnp8j3kxsg0EP7vNzYvmNbqaBiiYby-0-51abafb8e4a7d77897bfd674ddb88059)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-NNyF8oMzaF3xqI31tSvBmWWsdHLcc28C-0-cb0246a4838bd60331799309ef6ee320)
(3)晶体管图形符号(见表1-15)
表1-15 晶体管图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/31_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-cUdaLi9CstUjpr9lgEVdd8TddS1TH6JK-0-bd97b8420efa7094b1c6f4721d1ab278)
(4)光电子、光敏和磁敏器件图形符号(见表1-16)
表1-16 光电子、光敏和磁敏器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-p52n18ITKXCA2xkM9VEWH4glOUvK0LZx-0-dbb85a7419f800c9198623250af99b93)
1.1.8 整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号
整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号见表1-17。
表1-17 整流器、逆变器和蓄电池图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/32_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-owQjFS9EKhxEpHWhewn82jSkzPhxpiY8-0-7508a688f53d2a276fe64adc9f55a875)
1.1.9 测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号
测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号见表1-18。
表1-18 测量仪表、灯和信号器件图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/33_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-UmxKzkJeQX0iVcMTgiJP1o95EVhwak6W-0-24d7139457062fa7764401777992a301)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-wQ3MxxU0q1BwGFmvdHUXJcY38SkhkFEP-0-da2c5a267c1751bb64220f4527e370ad)
1.1.10 电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号
电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号见表1-19。
表1-19 电气系统图主要电气设备图形符号
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/34_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-bWRKlleMVZRKiDNjimoDpgkaSbHbdS44-0-3def7c492d6166fe7fa65465ca45c94e)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-JJANZSMGU9Ny0aCx1svblxhzGWtLa8rV-0-d56c3110e9d9ba4e338c982737913a43)
1.1.11 电气图形符号的取向规则
电气图形符号的取向规则见表1-20。
表1-20 电气图形符号的取向规则
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/35_02.jpg?sign=1739523890-25p2RYqYxo2K1kEpcaBHvH5mkIEx05tl-0-4116c6a49696e77f87ac26291a89af79)
(续)
![](https://epubservercos.yuewen.com/4C7B4A/26480083709850706/epubprivate/OEBPS/Images/36_01.jpg?sign=1739523890-sEiS2XX5WCR3lG0BjuWiVEL6WqgNlnrj-0-9609b61d53e9c5e686ddccbaca700627)